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'Double Record Breaker'
2006 Antarctic Ozone Hole seen by MLS
Prolonged low temperatures in September 2006 increased by the longevity of 'active chlorine', leading to a record area and depth of the ozone hole.
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First global tropospheric maps show streams of tropospheric ozone crossing the oceans
OMI & MLS can estimate the tropospheric ozone residual by subtracting the MLS stratospheric ozone from OMI column ozone. These maps show pollution streaming from the U.S., Europe and China to the west in summer and pollution from biomass burning in the equatorial zone.
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First Global Measurement of Cloud Ice in Upper Troposphere
Cloud ice measurement will improve global circulation models used for weather and climate forecasts.
The measurements will also help quantify the upper tropospheric hydrological cycle, including water vapor feedbacks on climate change.
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First Maps of Sub-Visual Cirrus in the Upper Tropical Troposphere
MLS sees cloud ice, but HIRDLS sees the clouds themselves, even clouds that are so thin that people cannot see them. Just as in the MLS cloud ice map we see large amounts of this cirrus in regions of significant cloud ice.
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Measurement of CO in Upper Troposphere
CO is a signature of pollution and can be transported a long way from its source. Not surprisingly, that transport can be vertical as well as horizontal. These images show how CO detected in the lower stratosphere can tell us something about where convection is occurring.
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Continuous measurement of HCl in stratosphere
The continuous measurement of HCl in the stratosphere shows the rapid recovery of this major chlorine reservoir after polar ozone loss, and continues the long-term measurements from UARS HALOE. Monitoring HCl tells us about ozone loss processes and the recovery of the ozone layer.
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First Measurement of OH in the Middle Stratosphere
The MLS measurements of OH and HO2 have provided the first tests of global stratospheric hydrogen chemistry and resolved the disagreement between model estimates of OH and earlier observations - these data suggest earlier observations are suspect.
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The Carbon Monoxide Tape Recorder
As tropical air rises into the stratosphere it carries with it trace gases, such as CFC's that are responsible for ozone depletion.
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Destruction of Arctic Ozone this Winter
An unprecedended suite of simultaneous measurements by MLS allows more accurate quantification of ozone destruction in the 2004-2005 Arctic winter.
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MLS detects SO2 and HCI injected into the stratosphere by the 27 January 2005 New Guinea Manam volcano.
These images show MLS detection of enhanced SO2 and HCI in the lower stratosphere over New Guinea on January 28, following eruption of Manam volcano on January 27.
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MLS Water Vapor and Pressure
Time-pressure sections of zonally averaged water vapor mixing ratio, shown as the deviation from the time-mean profile.
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MLS HCI - Observations of Antarctic Polar Vortex Breakup
Maps of MLS HCI in the lower stratosphere (520 K, 20km) detailing the springtime breakup of the 2004 Antarctic vortex.
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Solar Proton Flare Affects Mesospheric OH and Ozone
Aura MLS has provided first observation of this connection
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