SO2 Emissions from Smelters Aura Instrument : OMI The Peruvian copper smelters are among the world's largest industrial point sources of sulfur dioxide (SO2), and are among the most polluting in the world. OMI is sensitive enough to identify copper being emitted from the La Oroya and Ilo smelters even though these produce less SO2 than the volcanoes. + Read More

First global tropospheric maps show streams of tropospheric ozone crossing the oceans Aura Instruments : OMI & MLS OMI & MLS can estimate the tropospheric ozone residual by subtracting the MLS stratospheric ozone from OMI column ozone. These maps show pollution streaming from the U.S., Europe and China to the west in summer and pollution from biomass burning in the equatorial zone. + Read More

First Maps of Tropospheric Ozone & Carbon Monoxide Aura Instrument : TES Coincident measurements of tropospheric ozone and carbon monoxide are critical for understanding chemical and dynamical processes, which can be very complex in the troposphere. + Read More

First Global Measurement of Cloud Ice in Upper Troposphere Aura Instrument : MLS Cloud ice measurement will improve global circulation models used for weather and climate forecasts. The measurements will also help quantify the upper tropospheric hydrological cycle, including water vapor feedbacks on climate change. + Read More

First Maps of Sub-Visual Cirrus in the Upper Tropical Troposphere Aura Instrument : HIRDLS MLS sees cloud ice, but HIRDLS sees the clouds themselves, even clouds that are so thin that people cannot see them. Just as in the MLS cloud ice map we see large amounts of this cirrus in regions of significant cloud ice. + Read More

First Global Observations of HDO/H2O ratio - A Tracer of Global Hydrological Processes Aura Instrument : TES The hydrological cycle acts differently in different location. The TES measurements show that in the tropics, re-evaporation of precipitation is an important process controlling cloud formation. Up to 70% of precipitation is re-evaporated into the cloud. + Read More

Measurement of CO in Upper Troposphere Aura Instrument : MLS CO is a signature of pollution and can be transported a long way from its source. Not surprisingly, that transport can be vertical as well as horizontal. These images show how CO detected in the lower stratosphere can tell us something about where convection is occurring. + Read More

Continuous measurement of HCl in stratosphere Aura Instrument : MLS The continuous measurement of HCl in the stratosphere shows the rapid recovery of this major chlorine reservoir after polar ozone loss, and continues the long-term measurements from UARS HALOE. Monitoring HCl tells us about ozone loss processes and the recovery of the ozone layer. + Read More

First Measurement of OH in the Middle Stratosphere Aura Instrument : MLS The MLS measurements of OH and HO2 have provided the first tests of global stratospheric hydrogen chemistry and resolved the disagreement between model estimates of OH and earlier observations - these data suggest earlier observations are suspect. + Read More

First Global Measurement of Small Scale Gravity Waves in the Stratosphere Aura Instrument : HIRDLS HIRDLS high resolution temperature measurements show short vertical wavelength gravity waves, permitting assessment of gravity wave forcing in the stratospheric circulation. + Read More

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